On the occasion of World Asthma Day, experts remind us that this chronic condition affects over 300 million people worldwide and remains undervalued, despite its impact on quality of life, especially in children and young people.
“"Asthma has very variable and intermittent symptoms, so many patients go long periods without symptoms and do not consult. When they do, tests may be normal and require more specific studies."
Dr. León adds that symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, or dyspnea are non-specific and can be confused with common infections, COPD, heart failure, or simple physical deconditioning, especially in older people.
Asthma diagnosis requires documenting airflow variability through spirometry or peak flow measurements, ideally before starting inhaled corticosteroid treatment. Clinical history and identification of typical symptoms remain fundamental, according to Dr. Paola Cristina Lizarzabal Suárez, pulmonologist at Vithas Castellón.
For Dr. Amina Bekki, pulmonologist at Vithas Valencia 9 de Octubre, personalized treatment is key, and early diagnosis allows professionals to develop a plan adapted to the patient's needs, using controller and quick-relief medications, and modifying environmental factors that may aggravate the disease.
Dr. Ana Láinez, head of Allergology at Vithas Valencia Turia Hospital, reminds that people with asthma should be especially careful during respiratory infections and during periods of high allergen exposure, such as spring. It is essential to maintain adequate pharmacological control and continue basic treatment, even when symptoms are controlled, as this reduces the risk of exacerbations.
Dr. Juan Carlos Padilla, pulmonologist at Vithas Medimar Hospital, highlights that asthma is the most common chronic disease in the child population, affecting up to 10% of children. It profoundly alters the academic and emotional dynamics of minors, causing school absenteeism, hindering learning, limiting physical activity, and generating anxiety.
